Vasculitis, Cutaneous Vasculitis, Cutaneous is the Inflammation of blood vessel walls PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Primarily type III (immune complex), but type I and type II reactions are possible. SYSTEMS AFFECTED Skin/Exocrine Renal/Urologic—some greyhounds SIGNALMENT Species Dog and cat (rare) ...
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Vascular Ring Anomalies Right Aortic Arch Entrapment of the esophagus by a persistent right fourth aortic arch on the right and dorsally, the base of the heart and pulmonary artery ventrally, and ductus or ligamentum arteriosum on the left ...
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Vaginitis Vaginitis is the inflammation of the vagina. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Juvenile vaginitis: unknown, possibly due to imbalances of juvenile vaginal mucosal glandular epithelium. Primary adult-onset vaginitis: Brucella canis or canine herpesvirus. Secondary adult-onset vaginitis: sequela to congenital anomaly, vaginal atrophy ...
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Zinc Toxicosis Toxicity results from the ingestion of zinc-containing material. Causes gastrointestinal inflammation and hemolytic anemia; may cause multiple organ failure (e.g., renal, hepatic, pancreatic, and cardiac), DIC, and cardiopulmonary arrest. SIGNALMENT Most frequently reported in young, small-sized ...
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Megacolon A gastrointestinal disorder characterized by persistently increased large bowel diameter associated with chronic constipation/obstipation and low-to-absent colonic motility. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Acquired megacolon results from chronic colonic fecal impaction that leads to excessive absorption of fecal water and ...
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Mediastinitis The mediastinum occupies the central portion of the chest and is defined anatomically by the thoracic inlet cranially, the diaphragm caudally, the mediastinal pleura laterally, the paravertebral gutters and ribs dorsally, and the sternum ventrally. It is lined ...
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Maternal Behavior Problems Abnormal maternal behavior is either excessive maternal behavior in the absence of neonates or deficient maternal behavior in the presence of the dam’s own neonates. The latter is more common in dogs, the former in cats. ...
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Mastitis Bacterial infection of one or more lactating glands. Result of ascending infection, trauma to the gland, or hematogenous spread. Escherichia coli, Staphylococci, and β-hemolytic streptococci—most commonly involved. Mycobacterium and blastomycosis reported. Potentially life-threatening infection; may lead to septic ...
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Feline Eosinophilic Keratitis Feline eosinophilic keratitis is a presumed immune-mediated inflammation of the cornea characterized by perilimbal corneal vascularization, white-pink corneal infiltrate, and corneal edema. Synonym—proliferative keratitis. SIGNALMENT Young adult to middle-aged cats are most commonly affected. ...
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Joint Luxations DEFINITION Luxation is the complete disruption of the contiguous articular surfaces of a joint when the supporting structures around the joint are damaged or missing. Subluxation is a partial disruption. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY All synovial joints have a ...
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